Income Tax Calculator (US Federal)
Estimate your US federal income tax using 2024 brackets for single or married filing jointly.
Inputs
Allowed range: 0 to 1000000000
Results
How it works
We apply the 2024 IRS federal tax brackets progressively to your taxable income (gross income minus the standard deduction). State, local, FICA, and other taxes are not included.
Complete guide
US federal income tax is progressive: each dollar you earn falls into a bracket and is taxed at that bracket's rate. Your effective rate (total tax ÷ income) is always lower than your top marginal rate.
Enter your gross annual income and filing status. The calculator subtracts the 2024 standard deduction ($14,600 single, $29,200 married filing jointly), applies the 2024 federal brackets, and returns the estimated tax, after-tax income, and effective and marginal rates.
This is a simplified estimate for planning. Real returns involve itemized deductions, credits (child tax credit, EITC), other income types (capital gains, dividends), and state/local taxes — consult a tax professional for filing.
Frequently asked questions
- Does this include state taxes?
- No. State income tax varies widely (0% in Texas/Florida, ~13% top rate in California). Add your state's rate separately.
- What about Social Security and Medicare?
- FICA taxes (7.65% on wages up to the SS wage base) are separate from federal income tax and are not included here.
- Why is my actual refund different?
- Withholding, credits, itemized deductions, and other income types all affect the final number. This calculator only estimates the headline federal tax owed.